ʻO ka ʻaila Dalbergia Odoriferae Lignum maʻemaʻe no ke kukui a me ke kopa e hana ana i ka diffuser kūʻai nui i ka aila nui hou no nā diffusers puhi ʻohe.

Wahi a ka waihona o The Plant List (http://www.theplantlist.org, 2017), ka inoa ʻae ʻia oʻO Dalbergia odoriferaUa helu ʻia nā ʻano ʻano T. Chen ma kahi kūlana hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe [13]. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻauD. odoriferaʻano, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka rosewood ʻala, he lāʻau semideciduous perennial [14], me nā hiʻohiʻona morphological e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o 30–65 kapuaʻi, lau oval, a me nā pua melemele liʻiliʻi [14]. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka morphology ma ka hana a Hao lāua ʻo Wu (1993), ma muli o ka wehewehe kikoʻī o ke ʻano kino a me ke ʻano o waho i hana ʻia ma luna o nā pūnana parenchyma o kahi kumulāʻau deciduous.D. odoriferaʻano [15]. E like me nā hopena i hōʻike ʻia, ma ka lua o ka phloem o ka lālā a me ke kumu, ua loaʻa nā protein vacuole i loko o nā ʻāpana parenchyma āpau, koe wale nā ​​​​pūnaewele hoa. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia nā protein i loko o ka ray parenchyma a me vasicentric parenchyma i loko o ka xylem lua o waho o ka lālā, akā ʻaʻole i ka xylem lua. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā protein xylem vacuole i ka pau ʻana o ka wā ulu a nalowale ma hope o ka ulu mua ʻana i ka pūnāwai. Hōʻike nā protein vacuole phloem i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kau, ʻoi loa i loko o nā cell kokoke i ka cambium. Ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano fibrous o nā protein vacuole i ke kūlana o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopuehu ʻana aʻe a liʻiliʻi paha i loko o nā vacuoles waena nui i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana a me ka wā hoʻomaha. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻokoʻa paha ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ke kau i nā kumulāʻau ululāʻau mai nā kumulāʻau mahana, kahi i loaʻa ai kahi kumulāʻau leguminous mai nā ʻāpana o Kina e like meD. odoriferaUa loaʻa i nā ʻano nā pūmua mālama mālama i loko o nā vacuoles nui, akā ua ʻike ʻia nā pūmua mālama kumu o nā kumulāʻau maʻemaʻe ma ke ʻano he ʻupena mālama protein liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​kino protein, a ʻo ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka mālama ʻana i ka protein stem i loaʻa i nā mea kanu ʻuʻuku ʻaʻole ia he mea pōʻino.15].

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻauD. odoriferaUa hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻano ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu lāʻau rose makamae ma ka honua me nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā waiwai kālepa kiʻekiʻe. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻia kāna lāʻau puʻuwai, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Jiangxiang" i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina kuʻuna, i ka Chinese Pharmacopoeia e mālama i nā maʻi cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, maʻi koko, ischemia, pehu, necrosis, a me ka ʻeha rumatika [6,7]. E like me kā mākou ʻike, ua hāʻawi ka heartwood i kahi waiwai waiwai o nā ʻaila koʻikoʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea ʻala maikaʻi loa [1]. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, ua kaulana nā lāʻau puʻuwai no nā lako a me nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o ko lākou ʻala ʻono, ka ʻili nani, a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe [2]. Ua ʻike ʻia ka mea kanu ʻāhiuD. odoriferahoʻoweliweli ʻia nā ʻano ʻano e ka nalowale ʻana o ka nohona a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau [2,16]. No laila, he hana koʻikoʻi ka pale a me ka ulu ʻana o kēia. E like me kēia, i kēia manawa, ka mana o ka ʻano ʻāina a me nā ʻano welaD. odoriferahua germination (ma muli o eha mau wahi kiko'ī: Ledong, Hainan; Pingxiang, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Zhaoqing, Guangdong; a me Longhai, Fujian, Kina) i hōʻike ʻia ma ka hana a Liu et al. (2017) [16]. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hopena, ʻo ka mahana o ka ulu ʻana o nā hua i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai Ledong a me Pingxiang ʻo 25°C, akā ʻo 30°C no nā hua mai nā mea ʻelua i koe. Ma kekahi hihia, Lu et al. (2012) ʻike i ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka N2 mai ka lewa i lokoD. odoriferaʻO ke ʻano o nā ʻano mea he mea i koi mua ʻia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, a no laila pono mākou e ʻike i ka pilina symbiosis ma waena o nā ʻano o ka rhizobia a me nā nodules.D. odoriferaʻano [17]. ʻO ka loiloi phylogenetic o 16S rRNA gene a me 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) i helu ʻia ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau maʻi bacteria ʻelua, 8111 a me 8201, mai nā nodule aʻa o kahi legume lāʻau endemic ma Kina Hema,D. odoriferaʻano, i pili pili loa meBurkholderia cepacia. I kēia manawa, ua like pū lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kumu kalapona me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka biology GN2 plate tests a ʻo kā lākou DNA G+C content he 65.8 a me 65.5 mol%, kēlā me kēia [17]. ʻElua ʻano o nā ʻano, 8111 a me 8201, hāʻawi hou i nā mea like kiʻekiʻe meB. cepaciapaʻakikī i ka oxidation o nā kumu kalapona a pau, koe wale no cellobiose, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana meB. cepaciaaB. pyrrociniama o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o cellobiose a me xylitol a meB. vietnamiensisma o ka hoʻonā ʻana o adonitol a me cellobiose [17]. Eia hou, ua hōʻike ʻia ka biomass kanu a me ka ʻike N i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o N2 ikaika i loko o nā nodules ma hope o ka inoculation me kēia mau mea ʻelua.Burkholderianā kānana, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻole oD. odoriferaʻano [17]. I ka hopena,BurkholderiaHiki i nā strains 8111 a me 8201 ke hana i nā kuleana kūpono i ka hana ʻana i nā nodule hana o nā ʻano legumeD. odorifera[17].

Endophytic fungi a i ʻole endophytes, e noho nui ana i loko o nā ʻiʻo olakino o nā mea kanu, hiki ke hoʻoikaika nui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā huahana metabolic a me ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o nā huahana kūlohelohe i loaʻa mai nā mea kanu lāʻau.49]. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o nā haʻani like ʻole a me ka puʻuwai irregular ʻāpana o Guangdong, Kina,D. odoriferaʻano, i hōʻike ʻia e Sun et al. (2015); ʻO ka mua, ʻelua wale nā ​​haʻiki i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai 160 mau ʻiʻo lāʻau olakino keʻokeʻo, ma kahi o ʻehiku mau makahiki, i pili i nā ʻano o Bionectriaceae. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike ʻia he 85 fungi mai nā ʻiʻo lāʻau poni a poni-ʻulaʻula paha, ma kahi o ʻehiku mau makahiki, a no nā ʻano he 12 [2]. ʻO ka lua, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike molecular a me ka loiloi phylogenetic ua hana nā haʻani kaʻawale i ʻehiku clades ʻokoʻa me ka hapa nui o nā waiwai bootstrap ma luna o 90%, me kaFusariumsp., Bionectriaceae, Pleosporales,Phomopsissp.,Exophiala jeanselmei,Auricularia polytricha, aʻO Oudemansiellasp. No ka laʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ke kaʻina ITS mai ke code kaʻawale 12120 mai ka lāʻau ʻeha.Phomopsissp. a ua hui ʻia e 98% kākoʻo bootstrap mePhomopsissp.DQ780429a i ʻole me ke code kaʻawale 12201 i loaʻa mai ka lāʻau olakino keʻokeʻo, e hoʻohana ana i kahi clade kākoʻo ikaika meBionectriaceaesp.EF672316, ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻekolu mau mea hoʻokaʻawale 12119, 12130, a me 12131 i pili pono ʻia e kahi waiwai bootstrap 92%, i hui pū ʻia me nā kaʻina kuhikuhi oFusariumsp. ma GenBank. ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka noiʻi nui a me nā loiloi holoʻokoʻa o ka endophytic isolation frequency i hōʻike ʻia he ʻumikūmālua mau ʻano fungal i loko o ka lāʻau ʻeha ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula kahi o ka nui o ka noho ʻana he 53.125%, nona nā ʻohana ʻewalu a i ʻole nā ​​ʻohana.Eutypa,Fusarium,Phomopsis,ʻO Oudemansiella,Eutypella,Auricularia,Pleoporalessp., aExophiala, ma kahiEutypasp. ʻO (12123) ka mea pinepine loa me 21.25%, ʻoiai wale nōBionectriaceaesp. (1.25%) i loaʻa i ka lāʻau keʻokeʻo olakino. ʻO ka hope loa, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka anatomical analysis ua ʻike ʻia kekahi hyphae fungal i loko o nā ipu lāʻau ʻeha ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kēia i loko o ka moku lāʻau keʻokeʻo maikaʻi.