He aha ka ʻaila Sunflower?

Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i ka ʻaila sunflower ma nā papa hale kūʻai a i ʻike ʻia paha ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i kāu meaʻai momona vegan punahele, akā he aha ka ʻaila sunflower, a pehea e hana ʻia ai?

Eia nā kumu waiwai ʻaila sunflower āu e ʻike ai.

ʻO kaMea Pua La

ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea kanu i ʻike nui ʻia ma ka honua, e ʻike ʻia ana ma ka pepa paʻi kiʻi a Grannie, nā uhi o nā puke a nā keiki, a me nā alemanaka hoʻolalelale. He lālā maoli ka sunflower o ka genus Helianthus, aia ma luna o 70 mau ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā mea kanu pua makahiki a me nā makahiki. Eia kekahi, he ʻano lā wale nō ia a ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kōkua akā aloha iā ia.

ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā petals melemele pōʻai, nā ʻōpuʻu puʻupuʻu wiliwili, a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka pua lā (i kekahi manawa a hiki i 10 kapuaʻi—a ʻae, hopohopo iki mākou no ka ʻoi aku o ka lōʻihi o ka pua ma mua o mākou) ʻo ia nā hiʻohiʻona e hoʻokaʻawale koke i kēia mea kanu. okoa ke koena.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā pua lā ma ʻAmelika a ua hānai mua ʻia ma mua o 5000 mau makahiki i hala e nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika e pono ai i kahi kumu momona maikaʻi. ʻAʻole paʻakikī loa ka ulu ʻana, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea kanu kūpono i hiki ke mahi ʻia ma kahi kokoke i kēlā me kēia aniau.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o nā sunflowers a hiki i kekahi manawa ke hoʻopilikia i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe o ke kula, e like me ka ʻuala a me ka ʻōpuʻu pī.

Mai nā ʻāpana ʻākau o Wisconsin a me New York a hiki i nā pāpū ʻo Texas a me nā puʻu wai o Florida, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā sunflowers o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā nui - kēlā me kēia me nā ʻanoʻano e hoʻohua mai i nā ʻano ʻano o ka ʻaila.

Pehea i Hana ʻia ai

ʻO nā ʻanoʻano o ka sunflower ponoʻī i hana ʻia me kahi pūpū pale paʻa i waho, me kahi ʻano palupalu a palupalu i loko. Aia i loko o ka kernel ka nui o ka waiwai meaʻai, no laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaʻina hana e kālele ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ka nānā ʻana, a me ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kernels maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻaila. He ʻano hana nui.

Me nā mīkini centrifugal paʻakikī (e wili ana i ka wikiwiki), hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūpū a hoʻoluliluli ʻia i koe wale nō nā kernels. ʻOiai e noho ana kekahi mau pūpū i loko o ka hui ʻana, hiki nō iā lākou ke loaʻa i nā ʻaila liʻiliʻi.

Ma o ka wili ʻana a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, ua mākaukau nā hua sunflower e paʻi ʻia i mea e lawe ʻia ai ka ʻaila i nā mea nui. Ke hana maikaʻi ʻia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻohua mai i ka 50% aila mai ka hua, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka meaʻai i koe no nā hoʻohana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe a mahiʻai paha.

Mai laila mai, lawe ʻia ka aila hou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā solvents e like me ka hydrocarbon a me kahi kaʻina hana distillation e hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou i ka huahana. He kī kēia ʻanuʻu i ka hana ʻana i ka aila kala ʻole a ʻala ʻole me kahi ʻono kūʻokoʻa kūpono no ka kuke ʻana.

I kekahi manawa, hui pū ʻia ka ʻaila sunflower me nā aila mea kanu ʻē aʻe e hana ai i nā huahana aila kuke maʻamau, aʻo nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e manaʻo e hana i 100% ka aila sunflower maʻemaʻe, e hāʻawi ana i nā mea kūʻai aku i ka ʻike i ka mea a lākou e kūʻai ai. E paʻa i ka mea maikaʻi, a maopopo ʻoe.

Hoʻohana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe

Makemake nui mākou i ka ʻaila i kēia lā, akā, ʻo ka hua sunflower, ʻoiaʻiʻo, makemake nui ʻia e like me nā meaʻai no nā kānaka a me nā holoholona! ʻOi aku ma mua o 25% ka nui o nā kumulāʻau sunflower (ʻo ka mea maʻamau nā ʻano liʻiliʻi loa) i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hua manu, ʻoiai ma kahi o 20% no ka ʻai pololei ʻana o ke kanaka. He mea kupanaha ke ʻai nei mākou i ka hua manu? Nah, manaʻo mākou ua maikaʻi ... paha.

Inā ʻoe i hele i ka pāʻani kinipōpō a i ʻole ʻoe a puni i ke ahi hoʻomoana me nā hoaaloha, e ʻike ʻoe he hana leʻaleʻa maoli ka nau ʻana a me ka kuha ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano sunflower, ʻoiai inā he ʻano…

ʻOiai ka hapa nui o ka waiwai o ka sunflower mai ka ʻaila (ma kahi o 80%), hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā koena ʻai a me nā ʻōpala i mea hānai holoholona, ​​​​mea hoʻomomona, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Ua like ia me ka pōʻai o ke ola, koe wale nō kēia pua hoʻokahi.